Detailed frog skeleton model

Detailed frog skeleton model

THE ANATOMY OF FROGS

Generally

There are about 3,000 known species of modern amphibians, including Anura (frogs and toads), Urodela (newts and salamanders), and Gymnophiona (burrowing amphibians). The word amphibian means “both sides of life,” derived from the Greek amphi, meaning of both, and living being, meaning of life.

Digestion and secretion

The frog’s digestive system begins with the mouth. Frogs have teeth along their upper jaw called upper jaw teeth, which are used to grind food before swallowing. These teeth are very weak, and can not be used on agile prey or damage. Instead, the frog uses its sticky tongue to catch food (such as flies or other insects). Food then moves through the esophagus to the stomach.

Nervous system

The frog has a highly developed nervous system consisting of a brain, spinal cord and nerves. Many parts of the frog’s brain correspond to those of humans. As in humans, the ear contains circular transitions that help control balance and orientation.

Traffic

Frogs have three-chambered hearts. Like humans, frogs have a left and right atrium however, frogs have a single abdomen while humans have two. The abdomen always contains both oxygen-rich blood and oxygen-poor blood.

Breathing

A feature of amphibians is the flexibility of their respiratory systems. Amphibian skin is moisturized close to the skin. When a frog is underwater, oxygen is passed through the nostrils (which force the throat to swell out), and then compressing the floor of the mouth, which forces the air into the lungs.

Movement

Frogs have jumping movement. This means that their original method of movement is by hopping, jumping, or jumping. The front legs of a frog are similar to those of humans. They are slim and of little use for jumping. However, the frog has hind legs designed specifically for jumping. These feet contain a tibiofibula (shinbone), thigh, and astragalus and calcaneus (similar to the bones of a human ankle and heel). Adult frogs roam the ground hopping with their strong hind legs.

Special characteristics

All frogs have venom glands on their skin. Some frogs, such as the poison dart frog, are highly toxic. Other frogs use camouflage to mix with dead leaves, lichens, and other environmental elements. Some frogs change color between night and day, which is caused by light and moisture that stimulate the pigment cells and force them to expand or contract.