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Home Κατάστημα Laboratory Equipment Chemical Reagents Organic Compounds Chloroform 500ml >99%
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Chloroform 500ml >99%

€16,13 €20,00 με ΦΠΑ

Chloroform 500ml >99%
Chloroform, Methane trichloride, Methyl trichloride, Methenyl trichloride, TCM, Freon 20, Refrigerant-20, R-20, UN 1888
CHCl3
M.W: 119.37 g·mol−1
Cas Number: 67-66-3
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Chloroform

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SKU: 330560 Categories: Organic Compounds, Organic Compounds Tag: Solvents
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  • Description
Description

Chloroform 500ml >99%

Chloroform, or trichloromethane, is an organic compound with formula CHCl3. It is a colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid that is produced on a large scale as a precursor to PTFE. It is also a precursor to various refrigerants. It is one of the four chloromethanes and a trihalomethane. It is a powerful anesthetic, euphoriant, anxiolytic and sedative when inhaled or ingested.

Properties

Chemical formula: CHCl3

Molecular weight: 119.37 g·mol−1

Boiling point: 61.15 °C

Melting point: −63.5 °C

Density: 1.489 g/cm3 (25 °C)

Solubility in water: 10.62 g/L (0 °C)
8.09 g/L (20 °C)
7.32 g/L (60 °C)

Chemical structure

Chloroform displayed.svg

Safety

Health Hazard                                        Acute Toxic                                                   Irritant

Επικίνδυνο για την υγεία.                Τοξικό                                Προκαλεί ερεθισμό στα μάτια και στο δέρμα

Description

In terms of scale, the most important reaction of chloroform is with hydrogen fluoride to give monochlorodifluoromethane (CFC-22), a precursor in the production of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon):

CHCl3 + 2 HF → CHClF2 + 2 HCl

The reaction is conducted in the presence of a catalytic amount of mixed antimony halides. Chlorodifluoromethane is then converted into tetrafluoroethylene, the main precursor to Teflon. Before the Montreal Protocol, chlorodifluoromethane (designated as R-22) was also a popular refrigerant.

Solvent

The hydrogen attached to carbon in chloroform participates in hydrogen bonding. Worldwide, chloroform is also used in pesticide formulations, as a solvent for fats, oils, rubber, alkaloids, waxes, gutta-percha, and resins, as a cleansing agent, grain fumigant, in fire extinguishers, and in the rubber industry. CDCl3 is a common solvent used in NMR spectroscopy.

Reagent

As a reagent, chloroform serves as a source of the dichlorocarbene :CCl2 group. It reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide usually in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst to produce dichlorocarbene, :CCl2. This reagent effects ortho-formylation of activated aromatic rings such as phenols, producing aryl aldehydes in a reaction known as the Reimer–Tiemann reaction. Alternatively, the carbene can be trapped by an alkene to form a cyclopropane derivative. In the Kharasch addition, chloroform forms the CHCl2 free radical in addition to alkenes.

Anesthetic

Antique bottles of chloroform

The anaesthetic qualities of chloroform were first described in 1842 in a thesis by Robert Mortimer Glover, which won the Gold Medal of the Harveian Society for that year. Glover also undertook practical experiments on dogs to prove his theories. Glover further refined his theories and presented them in the thesis for his doctorate at the University of Edinburgh in the summer of 1847. The Scottish obstetrician James Young Simpson was one of the persons required to read the thesis, but later claimed to have never read the thesis and to have come to his conclusions independently.

On 4 November 1847, Simpson first used the anesthetic qualities of chloroform on a pair of humans: two guests at his dinner party. This was done as entertainment and not as a medical procedure.

A few days later, during the course of a dental procedure in Edinburgh, Francis Brodie Imlach became the first person to use chloroform on a patient in a clinical context.

 

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